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| Doçent Huzur Pınarı ![]() | Historical background rising of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1808. And he spent most of his life in abroad especially in England and Swiss. In that time, he believed I will be head of France. He joined Carbonari organization his youth and he had joined to Italian uprising.Then, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte desired to fall Louis Philippe and he attempted a complot in 1836. When he was not successful, he arrested.After that, his punishment had turned to life sentence in 1840. However, he succeed to escape from this prison in 1846. He turned the France again during the February 1848 revolution. In elections, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte won the election in total four election regions and he became M.P (Member of Parliament). Reason of big majority won the election, French people had not forgotten ( I. Napoleon). In addition is this, French people welcomed him in election and French called him “Yippee emperor”. After this, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte issued a newspaper for support himself.Then, council obtained a conservative structure by the this election. This position contributed and facilitated notions of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte and he collaborated against republicans.”The republic without Republicans,to preserve the suspicious support of a selfish majority; represented in the cabinet by only a single member, to harmonize in practice the double responsibility with which the constitution had saddled itself and the president.” After Napoleon I, French people ornamented their dreams emperor Napoleon I and the while, a man appeared who he was member of Napoleon family.( nephew of Napoleon I.) And, this man could display future good days.And, in content of Napoleonic code, by ‘La recherche de la patenite est interdite’ matter made him prominence who he has Napoleon name.After adventures actualized tale( legend or story) and this man began emperor of French people. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte had utilized from name and fame his uncle Napolyon I. and thus he reached the highest position in France state.Also, he want to become “great emperor” like his uncle Napoleon.I. He expended his all of struggle for goal of emperor especially in his president. He had got his emperor called to people everywhere. After this development, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte abolished the council with a coup. Meanwhile, He made his supporters issued declaration. Main principles of this declaration, The Council had been house of complots and my task is deliverance and maintaining the republic. Then, the election has been made by the government. And they asked the people that should president continue his task or governmnet during ten years? In this elections, people accepted his government approximately, (7.741.000 yes,645.000 no). Thus, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte maintained his dictator more ten years. Constitution of Louis Napoleon’s dictatorship is constitution of 14 january 1852. Thus, president had obtained whole authority by the this constitution. After this step, he steped for to realize his reality goal and he strolled around whole France in 1852.Then, he made his people call the himself “emperor”by the people. And for be emperor he prepared necessary athmosphere. People approved his emperorship with a plebiscite in 1852. Most of all people accepted his emperorship and Louis Napoleon Bonaparte obtained appellation that called Napoleon III with this plebiscite. Reason of known Napoleon III , he supposed died brother who he was 21 years Napoleon II. French second republic began with Napoleon III. (second empire). This only empire maintained 19 years.(1852-1871). “Louis Napoleon’s platform was restoration of order after months of political turmoil, strong government, social consolidation, and national greatness, to which he appealed with all the credit of his name, that of France’s national hero, Napoleon I, who in popular memory was credit with raising the nation to its pinnacle of military greatness and establishing social stability after the turmoil of French revoltion.During his term as President, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was commonly called the Prince-President.” Firstly, during the France Revolution, revolution governments nourished some secular politics and they do not mind conditions of catholic in Jerusalem.This case bacame useful for Russia and Orthodox. However, this case became to change since 1848. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte has been purposed to be emperor and he succeed his this goal in 1852. Catholic popes and church helped him in this emperorship.Louis napoleon has been attempted holy lands problem because he want to obtain major prestige inside and outside with religion affairs. Secondly, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte utilized finance and industry bourgeois which they had competition against each other. Meanwhile, nobody take measures against rising chartist movement and thus Napoleon III used their dictator power needs and executed coup d’eat. French bourgeis accepted his authority. “The machinery and practices of the police under Louis Napoleon were not creations of the Second Empire, but were inherited from the preceding regimes and not fundamentally changed during the 1850’s. Payne disputes the popular conception of an omnipresent secret political police during the Empire.” Thirdly, Napoleon III realized mass support with together peasantry. In this time, peasantry have not lands and they need credit and Napoleon III used this condition which peasantry big mass. For to acquire sympathy, he want to credit and support of finance bourgeis.Therefore, he followed favour politics for to support of finance bourgeis. Besides, Napoleon III want to obtain some prestiges from crimea war and he achieved. Also, Napoleon III broke east block that they were enemies of liberal movements and they have members Russia, Avustria, Prussia. After this Napoleon III try to repair relations with the Russia.This time began to rupture between the Britain-France. Moreover, Napoleon III. try to establish the Romania and he achieved. Napoleon III supported extreme Catholich in France and nationalist movements out of France. Especially, he considered Italy and Italian unification. He suggested given some lands and obtained important advancement towards to unification of Italy in Congress of Vienna. Actually, Napoleon III intervened circumstance and events because he want to be an adjudicator whole Europe.He interested foreign politics. Napoleon III wants to arrange the Europa differently from time of 1815 and he want to prepare as to nationalist prenciple. Especially, in Latin countries. However, unlike Napoleon I , Napoleon III was not stable. He was coward and unstable. “Karl Marx mocked Napoleon III by saying that history repeats itself: ‘The first time as tragedy, the second time as farce.’ Napoleon III has often been seen as an authoritarian but ineffectual leader who brought France into dubious, and ultimately disastrous, foreign military adventures.” Napoleon III want to establish a confederation between Italian states which joined of the pope. Thus, he would shake off responsibility of protection the pope. Debts and taxs had been increased of public and government republic of 1848 want to pay immediately these debts and taxs. Public was waiting a leader like Napoleon I , given lands them, remained feodal tax. Also, in first time of his emperorship,approximately, 7 years, Napoleon III has been established a stable dictatorship.And happened in police state he had begun an anti-democratic process from coercion on republican to eliminate or restrict freedom of the press. Meanwhile, his governance maintained popular methods such as penury finished; example of this bread price kept cheap. Thus, they provided support of people. On the other hand, Napoleon III had learnt some free market notions and these notions led to him about Liberalism in foreign trade or abroad. Meanwhile, Until the 1860, approximately 9 years; Napoleon’s regime maintained an authoritarian regime. In following process, Napoleon’s regime maintained as the Liberal Empire.Napoleon III. has been obtained liberal notions and free market in England who he was exile. Then, Napoleon III. guided to expansion these notions all of europe. References Armaoğlu, F.(1997). 19.Yüzyıl Siyasi Tarihi[Politic history of 19. century] (1789- 1914). Ankara: TTK (Turkish History Institution) Cobban, A.The English Historical Review, Vol. 83, No. 328. (Jul., 1968),pp.537-541 Crutwell, R. C.The English Historical Review. Vol.28, No.105. (Jan,1913). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napeleo...ions.Retrieved December 01,2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napeleo...he_French_Repu blic. Retrieved December 02,2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/III.Napolyon. Retrieved December 03,2007. Marks, K.(2003). Louis Bonaparte’in 18 Brumare’i. Eriş Publishing, Pinkney. H. D. (1967). The American Historical Review. Vol.72. No.3(Apr,1967). Sander, O.(2005). Siyasi Tarih İlkçağlardan1918’e.[Politic history from the antiquity to 1918]. Ankara : Imge press (Oycan87 bu kişinin koruması ve sevgi şemsiyesi altındadır..) ---sen çekik gözlerimde büyüttüğüm çerkez düşümsün--- Yeşil Gözlüm Oya gibi, Nakış Nakış seni yüreğime işledim ışığım ![]() . |
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